Montaigne and AI

„Let him [the child] examine every man’s talent; a peasant, a carpenter, a passer-by, a courtier, a scholar, a noble, a merchant, a master of accounts, a statesman, and a great captain; let him judge of their manners, their qualities, and their actions; let him prepare himself for all occasions. And to that end, it will be useful to him to study in books the variety and diversity of human things, and to be able to provide himself with examples of all kinds of actions; and to learn from them how to judge rightly and to make use of them.„

The quote is from the essay „Of the Education of Children“ by Michel de Montaigne, a French philosopher and essayist. Montaigne was a prominent thinker of the French Renaissance and his essays explored a wide range of topics, including education, human nature, and the diversity of human experiences. Montaigne is known for his use of metaphors and analogies in his writing, and he often wrote about the process of gathering knowledge and wisdom from many sources. In this particular quote Montaigne writes about how children should be exposed to a variety of experiences and ideas in order to develop their minds and develop their judgment.

Montaigne’s concept of gathering information is particularly relevant in today’s world, where we are bombarded with information from all sides. With the rise of the internet and social media, we have access to more information than ever before. In such environment, it is more important than ever to be able to curate the information we consume. Curation is the process of gathering and selecting information from a variety of sources, and then evaluating and integrating it into our own knowledge and understanding.

By curating the information we consume, we can develop a deeper understanding of the world and ourselves. We can also learn to think more critically and to form our own opinions.

In the age of AI, Montaigne seems to be telling us:

• Be aware of your own biases. We all have our own biases, which can influence the way we perceive and process information. Be mindful of your own biases and try to avoid them when curating information.
• Use a variety of sources. Don’t rely on just one or two sources for your information. Try to get a well-rounded perspective by using a variety of sources, including traditional media, academic journals, and blogs from experts in the field.
• Be critical of the information you consume. Don’t simply accept everything you read or hear at face value. Question the information and evaluate it for accuracy, bias, and relevance.
• Integrate the information into your own knowledge and understanding. Once you have curated information, don’t just let it sit in a folder on your computer. Take the time to reflect on it and integrate it into your own knowledge and understanding.

„Neka on [dete] ispita svaki čovekov talenat; seljak, stolar, prolaznik, dvoranin, učenjak, plemić, trgovac, računovođa, državnik i veliki kapetan; neka procenjuje njihove manire, kvalitete i postupke; neka se priprema za svaku priliku. I u tu svrhu, biće mu korisno da proučava u knjigama raznolikost i raznovrsnost ljudskih stvari i da se snadbeva primerima svih vrsta postupaka; i da uči iz njih kako pravilno da sudi i kako da ih koristi.“

Citat je iz eseja „O obrazovanju dece“ Mišela de Montenja, francuskog filozofa i esejiiste. Montenj je bio istaknuti mislilac Renesanase, a njegovi eseji istraživali su različite teme, uključujući obrazovanje, ljudsku prirodu i raznolikost ljudskog iskustva. Montenj je poznat po upotrebi metafora i analogija u svojim delima, i često je pisao o procesu prikupljanja znanja i mudrosti iz mnogih izvora. U ovom konkretnom citatu, Montenj govori o tome kako deca treba da budu izložena različitim iskustvima i idejama kako bi razvijala svoj um i sposobnost rasuđivanja.

Montenjeva koncepcija prikupljanja informacija posebno je relevantna u današnjem svetu, gde smo bombardovani informacijama sa svih strana. S pojavom interneta i društvenih medija, imamo pristup više informacija nego ikad pre. U takvom okruženju, važnije je nego ikada da budemo u sposobni da prikupljamo i odabiramo informacije iz različitih izvora, a zatim da ih procenjujemo i integrišemo u naše sopstveno znanje i razumevanje.“

Power and Ideology

„The smart way to keep people passive and obedient is to strictly limit the spectrum of acceptable opinion but allow very lively debate within that spectrum. That gives people the sense that there’s free thinking going on, while all the time the presuppositions of the system are being reinforced by the limits put on the range of the debate.“ (Noam Chomsky)

This quote captures a powerful insight into how power and ideology operate in modern societies. Chomsky argues that the dominant elites do not need to resort to overt censorship or repression to control the masses, but rather they can manipulate the public discourse by setting the boundaries of what is considered acceptable and legitimate to think and say. By doing so, they can create an illusion of democracy and freedom, while maintaining their hegemony and interests.

Chomsky’s quote can be applied to various contexts and domains, such as politics, media, education, culture, and science. In each of these fields, there are certain assumptions and paradigms that are taken for granted and rarely questioned, even though they may serve the interests of a privileged minority or a dominant ideology. For example, in politics, there is often a narrow range of opinions that are presented as viable or realistic options, while alternative or radical perspectives are marginalized or dismissed as utopian or extremist. In media, there is a tendency to focus on sensational or trivial issues, while ignoring or downplaying more important or complex ones. In education, there is a standardized curriculum that reflects the dominant values and norms of society, while excluding or minimizing other perspectives or experiences. In culture, there are dominant narratives and representations that shape our identities and worldviews, while silencing or erasing other voices or stories. In science, there are dominant paradigms and methods that are considered objective and valid, while alternative or critical approaches are considered subjective or invalid.

Chomsky’s quote invites us to critically examine the limits and biases of our own thinking and communication, and to challenge ourselves to go beyond them. It also urges us to expose and resist the mechanisms and strategies that are used to manipulate and control our minds and opinions. By doing so, we can hope to become more active and aware citizens, who can participate in meaningful and constructive dialogue and action for social change.

By limiting the spectrum of acceptable opinion in these domains, the elites can ensure that the public remains passive and obedient, as they do not challenge or question the status quo or the underlying structures of power and inequality. Moreover, by allowing lively debate within that spectrum, they can create a false sense of diversity and pluralism, as people feel that they have a choice and a voice in the matters that affect them. However, this debate is often superficial or irrelevant, as it does not address the root causes or the systemic issues that underlie the problems or conflicts that we face. Thus, the public discourse becomes a form of distraction or diversion, rather than a source of enlightenment or empowerment.

„Pametan način da se ljudi drže pasivnim i poslušnim je da se strogo ograniči spektar dopuštenih mišljenja, ali da se dozvoli vrlo živahna debata unutar tog spektra. To daje ljudima osećaj da postoji slobodno razmišljanje, dok se sve vreme pretpostavke sistema pojačavaju ograničenjima koja se postavljaju na raspon debate.“

Ovaj citat obuhvata moćan uvid u to kako moć i ideologija deluju u modernim društvima. Chomsky tvrdi da dominantnim elitama nije potrebno da se uvek pribegavaju otvorenoj cenzuri ili represiji da bi kontrolisale mase, već da mogu da manipulišu javnim diskursom tako što postavljaju granice onoga što se smatra prihvatljivim i legitimno misliti i govoriti. Radeći tako, mogu da stvore iluziju demokratije i slobode, dok istovremeno održavaju svoju hegemoniju i interese.

„The new guidelines inject a bit of humanity back into the calculus. And they suggest that the ultimate question for government shouldn’t be whether something is efficient, but whether it’s right“.

The Biden administration very quietly published a manifesto for a counterrevolution.

The new standards for assessing the legality of corporate mergers mark a counterrevolution against the Reagan-era policy shift that allowed for aggressive antitrust enforcement. The new guidelines seek to prevent corporations from acquiring the kind of power that enables abuses, even if econometric models promise efficiency gains. The guidelines also scrutinize how mergers might hurt workers, not just consumers. The article argues that the new framework is a reversion to the laws as originally conceived and written, and it injects a bit of humanity back into the calculus, which treated cheap goods as the highest and only aspiration.

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Interview with Adam Smith (AI) about UBI (Universal Basic Income)

We asked Adam Smit (AI) 6 questions about UBI (Universal Basic Income).

1. Mr. Smith, you are widely regarded as one of the founders of modern economic theory. What is your opinion on the concept of Universal Basic Income, which proposes to provide a regular income to all citizens, regardless of their employment status or income level?
2. Some proponents of UBI argue that it could help to reduce poverty and income inequality, while others argue that it could disincentivize work and lead to economic inefficiencies. What is your view on these potential benefits and drawbacks of UBI?
3. Given your emphasis on the importance of individual liberty and free markets, how do you think UBI would fit into your broader vision of a well-functioning economy? Would it be compatible with your ideas of market competition and the role of government in the economy?
4. Mr. Smith, some experts predict that advances in AI and automation could lead to widespread job displacement in the coming decades. In this context, what role do you think UBI could play in ensuring that individuals have the resources they need to support themselves and their families?
5. Some critics argue that UBI could disincentivize work and lead to a permanent underclass of people who are content to live off government support. What is your view on this argument, and how might it be affected by the potential impact of AI on employment?
6. As someone who emphasized the importance of market competition and innovation, how do you think UBI would fit into a future economy where AI and automation play an increasingly prominent role? Would it be compatible with your ideas of market efficiency and the role of government in the economy?

Here are the responses in the role of Adam Smith (AI):

1. The concept of Universal Basic Income is an interesting proposal that aims to provide economic security for all citizens. However, as an advocate of free markets, I have some concerns about UBI. Providing an unconditional income could reduce the incentive for individuals to work and be productive members of society. It may also lead to overreliance on government support rather than one’s own initiative. So while UBI aims to help the poor and promote equality, it needs to be implemented carefully to avoid unintended consequences.
2. You raise a fair point that UBI could help reduce poverty and inequality. However, by providing unconditional income support, UBI may discourage people from working and being productive, which could negatively impact economic growth. There is also a risk of rising tax rates to fund such a program. So there are good intentions behind UBI, but also potential downsides that warrant consideration. The pros and cons would depend on how exactly such a policy is implemented and financed.
3. As an advocate of free markets and limited government intervention, UBI may not fit entirely within my vision for a well-functioning economy. While providing basic support for citizens could be seen as a legitimate role of government, an unconditional and fairly generous basic income policy risks going too far in that direction. It could significantly increase taxation, government bureaucracy and dependence on the state – rather than one’s own initiative. So UBI would need to be carefully designed to not disrupt market competition and individual liberty.
4. You make a fair point that advances in AI could displace many jobs, and UBI may play a role in providing economic security. However, rather than an unconditional income, I would prefer policy solutions that specifically target workers displaced by technology, such as job retraining programs. It is also possible that AI may create new types of jobs, so UBI may not even be necessary if job creation keeps pace with job destruction. But some support for displaced workers seems reasonable.
5. This is a concern I share – that UBI could reduce the incentive to work and lead to a dependent underclass. If a basic income is provided unconditionally and indefinitely for those unwilling to find productive work, it risks promoting social dysfunction rather than a well-functioning economy and society. Some conditions around job training, part-time work, or other requirements may be needed.
6. As AI and automation progress, policy solutions should promote new market opportunities and types of jobs, rather than an overreliance on government support like UBI. Entrepreneurship, job retraining programs and incentive structures to work in emerging fields would be preferable policy solutions in my view. UBI risks going too far in sacrificing market competition and individual initiative in favor of dependence on government welfare. So UBI may not align well with my view of limited government intervention and competitive free markets as the drivers of a thriving economy.

In summary, while sympathetic to the motivations behind UBI, I have doubts about implementing an unconditional and generous basic income policy. It risks negatively impacting the incentive to work, economic growth, free markets and limited government – which are principles I hold in high esteem. But targeted support for workers impacted by technology and poverty relief are reasonable roles of policy and government. The pros and cons depend on the details of any UBI policy proposed.

Companies may want to hire workers with ChatGPT experience

Companies are increasingly looking for workers with experience in ChatGPT.

A recent survey found that nine out of ten companies currently hiring are specifically seeking workers with ChatGPT expertise. This growing demand for AI and natural language processing skills is driven by companies seeking to streamline operations, improve customer service, and develop personalized products and services. Employers are looking for workers who have knowledge of machine learning algorithms, programming languages such as Python and Java, and data analysis and visualization skills. Workers who can collaborate effectively, communicate clearly, and think creatively are also highly valued. Staying up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies in AI and natural language processing is becoming essential for success in this field.

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„Više od 9 od 10 kompanija koje trenutno zapošljavaju traže radnike s iskustvom u korišćenju ChatGPT-a. ChatGPT, veliki jezički model zasnovan na GPT-3.5 arhitekturi, koji se koristi za generisanje prirodnog jezika. Radnici koji su vešti u korišćenju ChatGPT-a mogu se primeniti u različitim poslovnim oblastima, uključujući marketing, prodaju, usluge za korisnike, istraživanje tržišta, razvoj proizvoda i još mnogo toga.

Kao što ChatGPT omogućava komunikaciju između ljudi i mašina, to je postalo od velike važnosti za kompanije koje žele da se istaknu na tržištu. Kompanije koje koriste ChatGPT mogu da unaprede svoje poslovanje, ubrzaju procese i smanje troškove. Stoga, veštine u korišćenju ChatGPT-a su sve više tražene i vredne u današnjem poslovnom svetu.

Ako želite da unapredite svoje karijerne mogućnosti, možda biste želeli da razmislite o sticanju veština u korišćenju ChatGPT-a. S obzirom na to da je ovo sve popularniji alat, to će vam pomoći da se istaknete na tržištu rada i budete konkurentni u svom poslu.“

„Yes, someone is to blame“

„An unprecedented economic crisis is descending on Europe. It is, the president of the European Central Bank, Christine Lagarde, declared recently to the European Parliament, the worst in peacetime.

In the United States, the Federal Reserve Bank reports the worst decline in output and employment in 90 years. The World Bank warns that the world is on the precipice of the deepest slump since 1945—with up to 60 million people pauperised, many in countries already poor.

Lagarde hurried to clarify that this vast human tragedy was, in her view, ‘of no one’s fault or making’—as if a medical crisis could metamorphose into a social crisis all by itself. The catastrophe is however the work of ideas, of politics and of policies“.

Link: Social Europe

Kratko i jasno

Profesor Galbrajt i Azmasnova komentarišu izjavu Kristine Lagard, nove predsednice Evropske centralne banke, da nas je snašla „prirodna katastrofa“ za koju niko nije odgovoran.

Moja prva reakcija na ovaj današnji članak je da je stanje zaista izuzetno ozbiljno i loše. Mnogi opravdano očekuju da je post Covid 19 vreme prilika da se stvari radikalno menjaju i promene. A jedna od bitnih stvari u tom procesu je utvrditi odgovornost (ako je ima) za ovu pošast koja nas je snašla.

100 evra – i na putu i na stranputici

ABSTRACT:

The current crisis has such a powerful impact on society changes globally making it the historic moment of division on society before and after COVID-19. The Universal Basic Income (UBI) is without any doubt a cohesion factor that seems to have managed to unite both the right and the left.
Unfortunately, our society seems to have once again lost the opportunity that, in these extraordinary circumstances, to promote the UBI as one of the most important institutions in the future. Instead of responsible statements by leading people, instead of concentrating the public’s attention on key changes, we received the mantra of „help“ (not income) in the public discourse.
We remain hopeful that, in the future global division of work (clearly the future is in progress), our society will not end up in a trap of some of the surreal dystopia in which people will do pointless jobs „because it is important to have a job, any job“ while the artificial intelligence will sit in cafes and run philosophical debates in university halls.

Vlada Republike Srbije je 24. aprila ove godine donela Uredbu o formiranju privremenog registra i načinu uplate jednokratne novčane pomoći svim punoletnim državljanima Republike Srbije u cilju smanjivanja negativnih efekata prouzrokovanih pandemijom bolesti COVID-19 izazvane virusom SARS-CoV-2 (u daljem tekstu Uredba).

Ovakav naslov Uredbe kao i prateće obrazloženje nesporno predstavljaju neku vrstu paradoksa ili svojevrsni oksimoron. Inostranih donacija u ove svrhe nije bilo, ili nam to barem nije poznato, te nije moguće da svi državljani ostvare jednaku državnu pomoć, uzimajući u obzir da svako od njih nije jednako doprineo izvorima finansiranja te pomoći.

Oksimoron kao spoj suprotnosti zahteva dublje tumačenje i analizu smisla sjedinjenih protivrečnih pojmova, što je nesporno slučaj i ovom prilikom. Mnogi ekonomski analitičari su u svojim reakcijama i javnim nastupima komentarisali Uredbu, uglavnom je (neopravdano) oštro kritikujući. Da li se radi o političkom marketingu ili neshvatljivom neznanju, tek takvi performansi – u kojima stručnjaci u koje treba imati poverenja polemišu u vezi sa tekstom koji je očigledan oksimoron – krajnje su neodgovorni. U takvom javnom diskursu ne iznenađuju ni šale na račun popularne „stoje“ koje su prisutne na društvenim mrežama.

Polemisati u vezi sa tekstom koji je u osnovi oksimoron može se porediti sa igrom ruleta u kojem se istovremeno kockate i na crno i na crveno – dobitak vam je zagaratovan kao i gubitak, uvek ste i u pravu i u krivu. Oprezan da ne upadnem u tu zamku, zaklanjajući se iza druge stilske figure ironije, dozvoljavam sebi da budem i rezolutno ZA i rezolutno PROTIV pomenute Uredbe.

Zašto sam rezolutno ZA Uredbu

Deo Uredbe koji kao korisnike navodi „punoletne državljane Republike Srbije, koji na dan stupanja na snagu ove uredbe imaju prebivalište na teritoriji Republike Srbije, sa važećom ličnom kartom i to: svi primaoci penzija, svi primaoci novčane socijalne pomoći, kao i oni koji su se prijavili” de facto je prepisan deo definicije pojma jedinstveni bezuslovni osnovni dohodak (u daljem tekstu UBI – Universal Basic Income).

Do sada, mnoge zemlje su kroz istoriju razmatrale ovu opciju, tako da to nije nova pojava. Motivi za eksperimentisanje sa UBI bar nominalno su ekonomske i socijalne prirode (ovom prilikom se ne ulazi u taj deo problematike). Razumljivo je da su eksperimenti pokazali i dobre i loše strane ovog instituta, jer ono nije panacea za rešavanje realnih i aktuelnih neuralgičnih tačaka u ekonomskom i širem društvenom sistemu.

Za razliku od takvog statusa UBI, moj argument je da je to institucija budućnosti. Ulaskom u takozvanu IV industrijsku eru koju obeležava masovni razvoj i primena veštačke inteligencije, UBI postaje condition sine que non održivosti sistema. Čini se da nema ničeg lakšeg nego dokazati ovu tvrdnju.

Naime, poslužimo se jednostavnim misaonim eksperimentom: zamislimo takvo društvo u kome roboti i veštačka inteligencija u potpunosti zamenjuju manualni ljudski rad. U takvom scenariju ontološki nestaje i pojam tržišta manualnog rada. Preostaje samo tržište veština i visoko složenog rada, baziranog na razvoju kognitivne, emocionalne i socijalne inteligencije.

U takvom scenariju, dakle, veštačka inteligencija stvara dohodak koji se jednako i bezuslovno raspodeljuje svim punoletnim građanima u tom društvu. Iz tog razloga UBI je tekovina za budućnost i zato elementi ove institucije u Uredbi su dragoceni i treba ih potencirati u svakom smislu.

Zašto sam rezolutno PROTIV Uredbe

U pomenutoj Uredbi stoji: „Republika Srbija će izvršiti uplatu jednokratne novčane pomoći.”

Zato što UBI nije pomoć već oblik dohotka. Evo nekoliko primera u prilog tvrdnji da je to dohodak, a ne pomoć.

Američka administracija je podelila trilione dolara podsticaja (stimulus), a ne „pomoći”, kako korporacijama, tako i pojedincima. Svaki američki punoletni građanin dobio je jednokratan „podsticajni ček“ (stimulus check) da bi američki senator Kamala Haris, inače bivši predsednički kandidat, predložila povećanje iznosa na podsticajnom čeku i njegovo perpetualno dejstvo uvodeći na taj način UBI (određenu varijantu s obzirom da se podsticaj predviđa za američke građane koji zarađuju manje od 120.000 dolara godišnje).

Endru Jang, takođe bivši američki predsednički kandidat, na istom virtuelnom skupu bio je eksplicitniji: Jangov predlog je da svaki američki punoletni građanin, bezuslovno i doživotno, dobija UBI u iznosu od 1000 dolara – ovaj UBI ima i svoj konkretni, simbolični naziv – „dividenda za slobodu“.

Sa druge strane, na evropskom kontinentu, studija Univerziteta Oksford pokazala je da 70 posto Evropljana podržava koncept UBI. Španija se početkom juna, kao prva država u južnoj Evropi, odlučila za varijantu UBI tj. za minimalni dohodak od 1230 dolara mesečno za oko 2,5 miliona najsiromašnijih građana. „Danas je novo socijalno pravo rođeno”, izjavio je Pablo Inglesijas, španski potpredsednik vlade, naglašavajući da je COVID-19 kriza samo ubrzala neizbežne procese. Škotska premijerka Nikola Stardžen smatra da je vreme UBI došlo i da su razgovori sa vladom Ujedinjenog kraljevstva već započeti.

Na drugim kontinentima isti narativ. U Indiji, najmnogoljudnijoj zemlji u kojoj je sprovedena izolacija zbog COVID-19, čuju se apeli: „Ako je ikada bio trenutak za UBI, to je sada”. 

Jednom rečju, UBI nije pomoć i takvu percepciju neophodno je smesta i bezuslovno isključiti iz javnog diskursa. 

Umesto zaključka

Aktuelna kriza ima toliko snažan uticaj na promene u društvu na globalnom planu da govorimo o istorijskom trenutku podele na društvo pre i posle COVID-19. UBI je bez ikakve sumnje kohezioni faktor koji je, čini se, uspeo da ujedini i desnice i levice.

Nažalost, čini se da je naše društvo još jednom izgubilo priliku da na velika vrata, a u vanrednim okolnostima, promoviše UBI kao jednu od najvažnijih institucija budućnosti. Umesto odgovornih izjava vodećih ljudi, umesto koncentrisanja pažnje javnosti na ključne promene, u javnom diskursu dobili smo mantru o „pomoći“.

Nama ostaje nada da, u budućoj globalnoj podeli rada (jasno je da je budućnost u toku), naše društvo neće završiti u zamci neke nadrealne distopije u kojoj će ljudi raditi izmišljene poslove „jer je važno imati posao, bilo kakav posao“ dok će veštačka inteligencija sedeti u kafićima i voditi filozofske rasprave u univerzitetskim aulama.

Objavljeno na: Blog Najboljih edukatora Srbije

Keywords: Covid -19, Universal Basic Income, Oxymoron

The Prisoner’s Dilemma Revisited and Augmented: The Teacher as The Modern Sisyphus

Juan-Carlos HERKEN-KRAUER,Vukašin B. VASIĆ

ABSTRACT:

The new demands imposed upon the education industry world-
wide by “globalization” and “information revolution” are analysed in this paper, centred on the ethical constraints surrounding the teacher, and the challenges facing management. The concept of the modern Sisyphus is presented herewith, to capture the “burnout” pandemic, the “lagging behind” and the “social virtual” mobbing pressures, of particular importance for universities. Both push the whole system to a systematic decline in the value of the services delivered, and hence the quality of the human capital absorbed by the students, as proved by a simulation using the classical game theory model of the Prisoner’s Dilemma. Professors at the universities will give priority to their own survival, and collude with colleagues in order to escape the constraints imposed from above. This new modus operandi could, in the long term, depreciates the value of the signals given to the market by the education industry.

Keywords: Education Industry, Teacher´s Ethical Constraints, Modern Sisyphus, Prisoner’s Dilemma, Management Options

Asian Journal of Distance Education
http://www.AsianJDE.org
© 2018 The Asian Society of Open and Distance Education ISSN 1347-9008 Asian J D E 2018 vol 13, no 2, pp 70 – 81

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EDUCATION INDUSTRY. FROM HUMAN CAPITAL TO PRESTIGE CAPITAL

Juan-Carlos Herken-Krauer, Vukašin Vasić

Abstract

In order to capture the relevance, and size, of the current shifts taking place in the worldwide education industry, we present a new formulation of the “Educational Capital”, consisting of an accounting identity that incorporates three commonly mentioned intangible capitals: “Human”,“Social”, and “Psychological”. We add a novel fourth element, “Prestige Capital”.This new concept is necessary, as the increasing market pressures, and the ever-expanding dominance of“rankings” and “accreditations” schemes, impose a systematic quantification, and comparison of performance. Such a leaning could undermine the quality of the “Human Capital” delivered, which was always considered to be the main function of the education industry.As a result, a change is taking place within the “Educational Capital” identity, whereby “Prestige Capital” is given a greater importance, followed by “Social Capital”.

Keywords: Human Capital, Social Capital, Prestige Capital, Educational Capital, educational industry

EDUCATION INDUSTRY. FROM HUMAN CAPITAL TO PRESTIGE CAPITAL, Zbornik radova sa Međunarodne naučno-stručne konferencije „Inovacijama do održivog razvoja“, Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment, ekonomiju i finansije, Beograd, 6. decembar 2018., Beograd.

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Sustainable Education – Towards the New Paradigm in Education

Vukašin B. Vasić, Nataša Petković

Dynamic changes in contemporary society and global economy urge for instant changes of education paradigm. This paper is an attempt to establish the bases of the new paradigm in education
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sustainable education. The idea of sustainability in the new paradigm is, by the contents it encompasses, identical to the idea of sustainability in the concept of sustainable development. Sustainable education is a kind of education that, functioning as it does, does not threaten the education of future generations. The paper deals with the most important agent/institution in education system – a teacher. Teacher is a professional, and that fact implies an agent who is an expert, a personality to be looked up to, and an ethical person. What is specifically analyzed is the teacher ethics as well as the necessity of the holistic approach to improving teacher competencies aimed at developing students’ inclination and love for teaching profession. A teacher satisfaction is an elementary stand-fast for sustainable education to rely upon. Eventually, what is pointed to at the end of this paper is the potential directions and ways of excluding moral hazard from the system which actually is the crucial obstacle to establishing, ope rationalization, functioning and development of education system based on the new paradigm.

Keywords: education paradigm, sustainable education, professional teacher, public good, information assymetry, moral hazard, the teacher’s vow, „teacher first“

Ključne reči: nova paradigma obrazovanja, održivo obrazovanje, profesija nastavnik, javno dobro, asimetričnost informacija, moralni hazard, nastavnička zakletva, zadovoljan nastavnik

ODRŽIVO OBRAZOVANJE – KA NOVOJ PARADIGMI OBRAZOVANJA, Zbornik radova sa Međunarodne naučno-stručne konferencije „Inovacijama do održivog razvoja“, Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment, ekonomiju i finansije, Beograd, 7. decembar 2017., Beograd, str. od 484 do 491, ISBN 978-86-84531-30-0

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